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Urologia - Volume 67, N. 3,
2002 Valutazione dell’antigene Ki-67 nella diagnosi differenziale dei tumori
corticosurrenalici F. Porpiglia, M. Terzolo, C. Fiori*, P. Destefanis*, A. Boccuzzi, S. Bovio, S. Cappia**, P. De Giuli**, D. Fontana*, A. Angeli Divisioni Universitarie di
Urologia e Medicina Interna I - Azienda Ospedaliera San Luigi - Orbassano
(Torino) ** Servizio di Anatomia Patologica - Azienda Ospedaliera San Luigi - Orbassano (Torino) 3° Congresso Nazionale Società Urologia Nuova - Bergamo, 28-30 ottobre 2001 - Comunicazione.Riassunto – Obiettivi dello
studio. La differenziazione fra masse surrenaliche benigne e maligne mediante
criteri radiologici ed endocrinologici spesso risulta complessa. Anche i
classici criteri anatomopatologici di Weiss risultano talora inadeguati nella
formulazione della diagnosi conclusiva di malignità. Lo scopo di questo studio è
stato valutare il ruolo diagnostico dell’antigene nucleare Ki-67, ricercato
attraverso metodi immunoenzimatici, nella differenziazione fra lesioni
surrenaliche benigne e maligne. Abstract Aim. Differentiation between benign and malignant adrenal masses through radiological and endocrinological criteria is often difficult. Even Weiss’s classic anatomopathological criteria are sometimes inadequate for a definite diagnosis of malignancy. The aim of this study is to assess the diagnostic role of the nuclear antigen Ki-67, through immuno-enzymatic methods, in differentiating between benign and malignant adrenal neoplasms.Materials and methods. Operative specimens were evaluated that were taken from 50 patients with monolateral adrenal neoplasm, who underwent adrenalectomy in our Centre between January 1990 and November 2000. Indications for adrenalectomy were: primary Cushing’s syndrome (12 cases), hyperandrogenism (1 case), Conn’s syndrome (11 cases) and incidentally discovered non-functioning adrenal masses (26 cases). The histological exam identified 37 benign neoplasms (adrenocortical adenomas) and 13 malignancies (primary adrenocortical carcinoma). 10 normal adrenal glands, taken during radical nephrectomy in patients with early stage renal cell carcinoma, were used as controls. The immunohistochemical analysis was carried out according to the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique, using the monoclonal antibody anti-Ki-67 (clone MIB-1). The Ki-67 labelling index (LI) was expressed as number of positive cells per thousand. Results. The expression of Ki-67 was 2 positive cells ± 1 (DS) per thousand in the normal adrenal glands, 11 ± 13 (DS) per thousand in the adenomas and 179 ± 61 per thousand in the carcinomas. The comparison between normal adrenal glands and carcinomas showed a highly significant difference (p < 0.0001), as also between adenomas and carcinomas (p < 0.0001) and between normal adrenal glands and adenomas (p < 0.0001). It was possible to identify a level of Ki-67 LI, situated between 60 and 100 per thousand, which clearly separated the group of adenomas from the carcinomas. A significant inverse correlation (r = –0.71, p < 0.05) was also highlighted between the Ki-67 expression and the survival of patients with carcinoma subjected to follow-up. Discussion and conclusions. Data from this study suggest that the immunohistochemical evaluation of the nuclear antigen Ki-67 may be of considerable help in the differential diagnosis between adenomas and adrenocortical carcinomas, especially in those cases where the histopathological diagnosis is dubious. Moreover, high levels of Ki-67 would seem to identify patients with malignant adrenal tumours with the worst prognosis. Key words: adrenal tumours - immunohistochemistry - Ki-67. |