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Urologia - Volume 67, N. 3,
2002 Ruolo del test di identificazione rapida su urine del Mycobacterium
tuberculosis complex F. Porpiglia, P. Destefanis*, C. Fiori*, F. Galietti**, M.G. Chirillo**, E. Pozzi, D. Fontana* Divisioni Universitarie di Urologia e Pneumologia I - Azienda Ospedaliera San Luigi - Orbassano (Torino) * Divisione Universitaria di Urologia II - Azienda Ospedaliera San Luigi - Orbassano (Torino) ** Laboratorio di Microbiologia - Azienda Ospedaliera San Luigi - Orbassano (Torino)3° Congresso Nazionale Società Urologia Nuova - Bergamo, 28-30 ottobre 2001 - Comunicazione.Riassunto – Obiettivi.
Nonostante la disponibilità di farmaci efficaci contro il micobatterio, a
partire dalla seconda metà degli anni ’80 abbiamo assistito ad una ripresa della
malattia tubercolare, dovuto in parte al calo di attenzione nei confronti di
questa malattia, in parte alla diffusione del virus dell’HIV. Dal punto di vista
diagnostico, accanto ai tradizionali esami batterioscopico e colturale, sono
stati introdotti diversi metodi di indagine rapidi ed efficaci (PCR, HPLC,
AccuProbe, LCR). Mediante questo studio gli Autori si propongono di valutare il
ruolo dell’Amplified Micobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Detection Test (AMTD),
test di amplificazione dell’RNA transcriptasi mediato comunemente impiegato
nella ricerca del micobatterio nell’escreato, nella diagnosi di TBC
dell’apparato urinario attraverso l’analisi di campioni di urina. Abstract Aim. Despite the availability of effective drugs for mycobacterium, there was an upsurge of tuberculosis in the second half of the 80s, partly due to lack of attention towards this disease and partly to the spreading of the HIV virus. Various fast and effective methods of investigation (PCR, HPLC, AccuProbe, LCR) were introduced alongside the traditional bacterioscopic and culture exams for diagnosis. This study aims at assessing the role of the Amplified Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Detection Test (AMTD), which amplifies the indirect transcriptase RNA commonly used in searching for the mycobacterium in the sputum, when diagnosing TBC of the urinary apparatus through analysis of urine samples.Materials and methods. From January 1994 to November 2000, 130 patients (20-80 years, mean age 57) were enrolled in the study, 70 of whom (mean age 52 years) with high diagnostic (clinical-radiological) suspicion of active tuberculosis of the urogenital apparatus and 60 (mean age 60 years) without signs of tuberculosis as control group. In the control group no patient had a positive history for TBC. The patients were asked to collect their first urine in the morning, which was then analysed by direct microscopic exam after Ziehl-Neelsen staining, culture exam with Loewenstein-Jensen medium and AMTD. Results. AMTD was positive in 72 samples and negative in 58. Taking the culture exam as gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were 97.1, 93.3, 94.4 and 96.6% respectively. Analysing the data, in particular post-nephrectomy histological exams, of patients with positive AMTD/negative culture urine samples, it emerged that 1 of these samples had been correctly identified as positive by AMTD. After this re-assessment, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values became 97.2, 94.9, 95.8 and 96.6% respectively. Discussion and conclusions. The results of this study plus the easiness and rapidity of the procedure (5-6 hours) show that AMTD could be considered a fast, reliable test in patients with clinical/ radiological suspicion of urinary TBC. Key words: tuberculosis - AMTD - PCR. |